The places of subject and object in sentence are inter-changed in passive voice. 3rd form of verb (past participle) will be used only (as main verb) in passive voice.
In active voice
Adam cleaned the kitchen
in passive voice
The kitchen was cleaned by Adam
Formation of the passive form
| Active | Passive |
| Present simple She does the homework. |
am/are/is + past participle The homework is done (by her). |
| Past simple He did the homework. |
was/were + past participle The homework was done (by him). |
| Present continuous She is doing the homework. |
am/are/is + being + past participle The homework is being done (by her). |
| Past continuous He was doing the homework |
was/were + being + past participle The homework was being done (by him). |
| Present perfect She has done the homework. |
have/has + been + past participle The homework has been done (by her) |
| Past perfect He had done the homework. |
had + been + past participle The homework had been done (by him). |
|
future (will) She will do the homework. |
will + been + past participle The homework will be done (by her). |
| future (going to) He is going to do the homework. | am/are/is going to + be + past participle The homework is going to be done (by him). |
| Infinitive She wants to do the homework. |
to be + past participle She wants the homework to be done (by her). |
|
Modal He can do the homework. |
modal + be + past participle The homework can be done (by him). |
| Gerund They are building the house. |
being + past participle The house is being built. |
| Present Conditional When I have time, I do the filing. |
get +past participle When I have time, the filing gets done |
Indefinite 1 cont 2 per 3 per. con 4
| 2 | 2 | 4 | 0 |
| 2 | 2 | 4 | 0 |
| 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
Here in second table a simple trick to understand change of sentence in passive voice.
code 2 = continuous
code 4= perfect continuous
code 0 = no change
Present indefinite will change according to position no.2 or continuous, however present continuous change according to position no.2 or no change.
Intransitive and stative verbs
Intransitive verbs are verbs that have a subject but don’t have an object.
Ex: run, fall, die, sleep, arrive
Use of preposition after following verbs
Not:- surprised, astonished, satisfied + at
pleased, interested, + in
known + to
Change in pronouns
subject object
I me
we us
He him
She her
they them
1. when sentence start with wh- words in passive voice same started wh- words.
but when sentence start with who in passive voice add By before whom.
example: 1. why did America attack Taliban ? (active voice)
why was Taliban attacked by America ? (passive voice)
2. who broke this cup? (active voice)
By whom was this cup broken ? (passive voice)
Whom--------who
who-----------By whom
sentence of ORDER
Let +object + be + v3
1. Do it .
let it be done.
2. shut the door.
let the door be shut.
sentence of suggestion
object + should be + v3
sentence of Request
In passivise voice skip please, kindly and begin if sentence is affirmative YOU ARE REQUEST TO
and in negative sentence YOU ARE REQUESTED NOT TO
1. please shut the door.
you are request to shut the door.
sentence begin with Let
Let + object +be+ v3 + by + subject
Begin with nobody/ no one
In passive voice skip nobody/ no one and make negative sentence.
1. No body can answer such question.
such question can not be answer
begin with It is time
1. It is time to open the office.
it is time for the office to be opened.
2. it is time to shut the shop.
it is time for the shop to be shut.
